Fig. 1

BMS-1 induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiotoxicity in mice with melanoma. In the B16F10 melanoma model, the mice were intraperitoneally administered with the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor BMS-1 (0, 5 and 10 mg/kg) every 2 days for 6 times (n = 10). A Changes in food intakes. B Changes in body weights and the ratio of heart/body weight. Statistical significance of changes over time was evaluated by one-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. C The expression of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in cardiac tissues was measured by qPCR. D The serum levels of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), aspartate transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). E The protein expression of hematopoietic-substrate-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1), B lymphocytoma-2 gene (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-8 in cardiac tissues. F-G Representative images of hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining of cardiac tissues and corresponding quantification analysis. Scale bars, 20 μm. H Representative images of TUNEL assay of cardiac tissues and corresponding quantification analysis. Scale bars, 50 μm. I Tumor weight. J Representative bioluminescence images of mice bearing tumors on day 15 after implantation. Signal intensity was measured as photon flux (photons/second) and coded to a color scale. The values are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01 vs. control