Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 1

From: Immunotherapy for glioblastoma: the promise of combination strategies

Fig. 1

Schematic representation of GBM TME. A GBM TME is composed of various cell types. B Factors impeding translation of GBM immunotherapy treatments: (i) the BBB limiting drug delivery efficacy, (ii) the relatively low infiltration of T cells as well as their high exhaustion marker expression, (iii) the high infiltration of immunosuppressive cells (such as Tregs, TAMs and MDSCs) in the TME and (iv) the infiltrative and heterogeneous characteristics of GBM cells. (Abbreviations: GBM = Glioblastoma; LAG-3 = Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein; MDSC = Myeloid-derived suppressive cell; NK = Natural killer; PD-1 = Programmed cell death-1; TAM = Tumor-associated microglia and macrophage; TIM-3 = T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing-3)

Back to article page