Fig. 1

Phenotypical characterization of TAb2 and TCh3 tumors. A Tumor growth curves in WT B6 mouse recipients. Left panel: TAb2 vehicle control (VC) (n = 9) and TAb2 anti-PD-L1 treated (n = 10). Right panel: TCh3 VC (n = 10) and TCh3 anti-PD-L1 treated (n = 10). Treatment started when tumor size reached about 150-200 mm³ (indicated by arrow). Relative tumor volume (RTV defined in Method) was compared between control and treated group. Statistical significance was calculated using paired t test. B Survival curves of WT B6 mice bearing TAb2 (left) or TCh3 (right) tumors that were treated with VC or anti-PD-L1. Survival curve was compared between control and treated group using Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test. C H&E analysis of KPPA tumor morphology. Representative images of H&E staining for daughter KPPA SCCs obtained from tumor-bearing mice, TAb2 (left) and TCh3 (right). D Immunofluorescence (IF) staining of KPPA tumors. Representative images of IF staining for daughter KPPA SCCs, TAb2 (left) and TCh3 (right). Cytokeratin 5⁺ (CK-5⁺) (red) tumor cells were separated from vimentin (Vim⁺) (green) stroma cells, and DAPI (blue) staining indicated nuclei (20× magnification)