Fig. 9

Graphical abstract. In the current study, we provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying tumor progression through AEP cleavage of Tmod3. Mechanistically, tTmod3-N competitively inhibits the functions of Tmod3 in pointed-end capping to F-actin, promoting actin remodeling, thus reshaping the pseudopodia and promoting GBM invasion. tTmod3-C is translocated to the nucleus, where it interacts with SND1, resulting in RhoA/CDKs-mediated cell proliferation