Fig. 6

Inhibition of Cdc42 activity blocks the effects of ARHGEF37 on invasiveness. a Immunoblotting analysis of GTP-Cdc42, Cdc42, p-PAK1, and PAK1 levels in the indicated cells treated with vehicle or a Cdc42 specific inhibitor, ZCL278. b Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitation of ARHGEF37-transduced cells treated with vehicle or ZCL278 in endothelial adhesion assays. Scale bars: 50 μm. c Representative immunofluorescence images and quantitation of ARHGEF37-transduced cells treated with vehicle or ZCL278 in trans-endothelial migration assays. Scale bars: 50 μm. d The pericyte-endothelial interaction junctional protein N-cadherin was analyzed in a 2D co-culture with ARHGEF37-transduced tumor cells upon treatment with vehicle or ZCL278. Scale bars: 5 μm. e The pericyte-endothelial interaction junctional protein Cx43 was analyzed in a 2D co-culture with ARHGEF37-transduced cells tumor cells upon treating with vehicle or ZCL278. Scale bars: 5 μm. Data of panel a are derived from three independent experiments. Each error bar in panel b and c represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001