Fig. 1

Schematic illustration of PSPM-NPs and SLERCC in RCC progression. High DNMT3A was recruited at the SLERCC promoter, which induced aberrant hypermethylation, leading to downregulation of SLERCC expression in RCC. PSPM-NPs transfer SLERCC plasmids into cells by recognizing MUC12 molecules on the RCC cell membrane surface. Elevated SLERCC can directly interact with UPF1 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which in turn inhibits RCC metastasis and angiogenesis. Abbreviations: PSPM-NPs, Plasmid-SLERCC@PDA@MUC12 nanoparticles; RCC, Renal cell carcinoma