Fig. 6From: Irradiation induces DJ-1 secretion from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells to accelerate metastasis of bystander cells via a TGF-β1 positive feedback loopExogenous TGF-β1 reactivates Smad3 without the presence of HSC70. A-B Representative images and the statistical graph of transwell assays for bystander HSC70-knockdown K150 and E109 cells stimulated by TGF-β1. Scale bars, 100 μm. C-D Representative IF images and the statistical graph of 3D tumor spheroid invasion assays for bystander HSC70-knockdown K150 and E109 cells (green) stimulated by TGF-β1. Scale bars, 200 μm. E–F Representative IF images of p-Smad3 (green) expression in HSC70-knockdown ESCC cells stimulated by TGF-β1 at the timing (240 min) after DJ-1 stimulation. Scale bar, 20 μm. G. Western blot results of Smad3 phosphorylation status relative to total Smad3 in HSC70-knockdown ESCC cells stimulated by TGF-β1. ***p < 0.001Back to article page