Fig. 7

AIL enhances the effectiveness of anti-PD-L1 by promoting c-Jun degradation. AIL binds to and downregulates c-Jun by reducing its stability, thus suppressing melanoma progression. In addition, AIL suppresses PD-L1 transcription through targeting c-Jun in melanoma cells, consequently blocking PD-L1 secretion, resulting in Treg inhibition, and ultimately enhancing the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade