Fig. 1

Identification of circMMD and its prognostic value in GBM. A Volcano plot of differentially expressed circRNAs between TTF and control groups and circMMD was identified. B Sanger sequencing of the back-spliced junction of circMMD. C Amplification of circMMD and linear MMD from cDNA or gDNA using divergent (red arrow) or convergent primers (blue arrow). D Relative expression of circMMD, linear MMD, and GAPDH after RNase R treatment or not. E The abundances of circMMD and linear MMD in DBTRG and U251 cells treated with actinomycin D at the indicated time points. F Relative abundance of circMMD in nucleus and cytoplasm of DBTRG and U251 cells. G FISH assay detected the localization of circMMD in DBTRG and U251 cells. Scale bar = 10 μm. H FISH assay detect the abundance of circMMD in GBM tumor specimen and normal brain tissue. Scale bar = 200 μm. I Kaplan–Meier analysis of correlation of circMMD expression with overall survival of glioma patients. ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, # P > 0.05