Table 1 CircRNAs that are functionally consistent with their host genes

circ-EGFR

EGFR

Up

Glioblastoma

Promote cell proliferation and tumor growth

Formed a protein-complex, termed rtEGFR, which interacted with EGFR, maintained EGFR membrane localization and attenuated EGFR endocytosis and degradation

[21]

circ-ENO1

ENO1

Up

Lung adenocarcinoma

Promote glycolysis, proliferation, migration and EMT; inhibit apoptosis

circ-ENO1/miR-22-3p/ENO1

[22]

circ-Amotl1

Amotl1

Up

Breast cancer; cervical cancer

Promote proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor growth in vivo; decrease apoptosis

circ-Amotl1/c-myc (nuclear translocation and stability); Circ-Amotl1/miR-485-5P/Amotl1

[23, 24]

circCOL6A3

COL6A3

Up

Gastric cancer

Promote cell proliferation and migration; inhibit apoptosis

circCOL6A3/miR-3064-5p/COL6A3

[31]

circ_MMP2

MMP2

Up

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Promote metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo

circ_MMP2/miR-136-5p/MMP2

[32]

circDnmt1

Dnmt1

Up

Breast cancer

Promote proliferation and tumor xenograft growth; stimulate cellular autophagy; inhibit cellular senescence

circDnmt1/p53 and AUF1 (nuclear translocation and transcription)/Dnmt1

[33]

circXIAP

(circ0005276)

XIAP

Up

Prostate cancer

Promote proliferation, migration and EMT

circXIAP/FUS/XIAP

[34]

FECR1

FLI1

Up

Breast cancer

Promote tumor metastasis

FECR1/recruit TET1and DNMT1/FLI1

[35]

circ-CUX1

CUX1

Up

Neuroblastoma (NB)

Promote aerobic glycolysis, tumorigenesis, and aggressiveness of NB cells

circ-CUX1/EWSR1/MAZ/CUX1

[36]

circβ-catenin

β-catenin

Up

Liver cancer

Promote cell growth and migration and tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo

β-catenin-370aa/GSK3β/β-catenin/Wnt/β-catenin pathway

[37]

circFNTA

FNTA

Up

Bladder cancer

Promote cell invasion and cisplatin chemo-resistance; promote tumor growth and metastasis in vivo

AR/ADAR2/circFNTA/miR-370-3p/FNTA/KRAS

[38]

circGFRA1

GFRA1

Up

Triple negative breast cancer

Promote cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo; inhibit apoptosis

circGFRA1/miR-34a/GFRA1

[39]

circ-0075804

E2F3

Up

Retinoblastoma

Promote cell proliferation and suppress cell apoptosis

circ-0075804/HNPNPK/E2F3 (mRNA stability)

[40]

circ-CCND1 (hsa_circ_0023303)

CCND1

Up

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Promote cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo

circ-CCND1/HuR and miR-646/CCND1

[41]

circ-MMP9 (hsa_circ_ 0001162)

MMP9

Up

Oral squamous cell carcinoma

Promote migration and invasion and lung metastasis in vivo

circ-MMP9/AUF1 and miR-149/MMP9

[42]

hsa_circ_0047905

SERPINB5

Up

Gastric cancer

Promote cell proliferation and invasion

Not mentioned

[43]

hsa_circ_0138960

GDA

Up

Gastric cancer

Promote cell proliferation and invasion

Not mentioned

[43]

hsa_circRNA7690-15

GDA

Up

Gastric cancer

Promote cell proliferation and invasion

Not mentioned

[43]

circ_0069765

KIT

Up

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Promote tumor oncogenesis and progression

circ_0069765/miR-142-5p, miR-144-3p and miR-485-3p/KIT (regulatory network)

[44]

circ_0084097

PLAT

Up

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Promote tumor oncogenesis and progression

circ_0084097/miR-142-5p, miR-144-3p and miR-485-3p/PLAT (regulatory network)

[44]

circ_0079471

ETV1

Up

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Promote tumor oncogenesis and progression

circ_0079471/miR-142-5p, miR-144-3p and miR-485-3p (regulatory network)

[44]

circ_0001730

EPHB4

Up

Glioblastoma

Promote cell growth, invasion and tumor growth in vivo

SP1/EPHB4/circ_0001730/miR-326/Wnt7B/β-catenin pathway

[45]

circCRIM1

CRIM1

Up

Ovarian cancer

Promote cell viability, migration, invasion and tumor growth in vivo; inhibit apoptosis

circCRIM1/miR-145-5p/CRIM1; encode 188aa protein; circCRIM1/miR-383-5p/ZEB2

[46]

circMETTL3

METTL3

Up

Breast cancer

Facilitate cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth in vivo

METTL3/circMETTL3/miR-31-5p/CDK1

[47]

circ-SIRT1

SIRT1

Up

Colorectal Cancer

Promote cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT

circ-SIRT1/EIF4A3/N-cadherin/vimentin

[48]

hsa_circ_0003141

UBAP2

Up

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Promote cell proliferation, invasion and tumor growth in vivo; inhibit apoptosis

hsa_circ_0003141/miR-1827/UBAP2

[49]

hsa_circ_0006401

col6a3

Up

Colorectal cancer

Promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and metastasis in vivo; inhibit apoptosis

Encode a novel 198-aa functional peptide to promote stability of the host gene col6a3 mRNA

[50]

circ-SKA3

SKA3

Up

Medulloblastoma

Promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion

Not mentioned

[51]

circ-DTL

DTL

Up

Medulloblastoma

Promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion

Not mentioned

[51]

F-circEA1

EML4-ALK1

Up

Non-small cell lung cancer

Promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth in vivo; inhibit apoptosis; promote drug resistance to crizotinib

F-circEA1/EML4-ALK1/ALK downstream signaling pathway

[52]

circMET

MET

Up

Colorectal cancer

Promote cell proliferation and growth

circMET/miR-410-3p/MET

[53]

hsa_circ_0000069

STIL

Up

Pancreatic cancer

Promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion and growth of xenograft pancreatic cancer tumors in vivo; inhibit apoptosis

hsa_circ_0000069/miR-144/STIL/ Gli1

[54]

hsa_circ_0062270

CDC45

Up

Melanoma

Promote the viability, proliferation, invasion and tumor growth in vivo; inhibit apoptosis

hsa_circ_0062270/EIF4A3/CDC45

[55]

circ-NOTCH1

NOTCH1

Up

Gastric cancer

Promote cell migration, invasion, stemness, tumor growth and metastasis in vivo

circ-NOTCH1/miR-449c-5p/MYC/NOTCH1

[56]

circZEB1

ZEB1

Up

Prostate cancer

Decrease radiosensitivity

TR4-mediated QKI/circZEB1/miR-141-3p/ZEB1

[57]

circ3323

APP

Up

Bladder cancer

Promote cell invasion and migration

circ3323/miR-186-5p/APP

[58]

F-circAE2

AML1-ETO

Up

Leukemia cell

Promote cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo

F-circAE2/ENO-1

[59]

circBA9.3

BCR-ABL1

Up

Leukemia cell

Promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis

Increase the protein expression of its host gene BCR-ABL1

[60]

F-circSRs (F-circSR1, F-circSR2)

SLC34A2-ROS1

Up

Non-small cell lung cancer

Promote cell migration

F-circSRs/miR-150-5p, miR-194-3p and miR-515-5p

[61]

F-circM9

MLL-AF9

Up

Leukemia cell

Promote cell proliferation and clonogenicity

Not mentioned

[62, 63]

circ-Foxo3

Foxo3

Down

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); Breast cancer

Inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells; Inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of breast cancer cells

circ-Foxo3/miR-155/Foxo3; Foxo3P and circ-Foxo3/miR-22,

miR-136*, miR-138, miR-149*, miR-433, miR-762, miR-3614–5p and miR-3622b–5p/Foxo3

[16, 25]

circ-ITCH

ITCH

Down

Lung cancer; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; colorectal cancer; bladder cancer

Inhibit cell proliferation of lung cancer; Inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo; Inhibit cell proliferation of colorectal cancer; Inhibit proliferation,

migration, invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer both in vitro and in vivo

Cir-ITCH/miR-7 and miR-214/ITCH/Wnt/β-catenin pathway; cir-ITCH/miR-7, miR-17 and miR-214/ITCH/Dvl2/Wnt/β-catenin pathway; Cir-ITCH/miR-7 and miR-20a/ITCH/Wnt/β-catenin pathway/c-myc and cyclinD1; circ-ITCH/miR-17, miR-224/p21, PTEN

[17, 26,27,28]

circ-FBXW7

FBXW7

Down

Glioblastoma; triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)

Inhibit cell proliferation and the cell cycle of glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo; Inhibit cell proliferation and migration of TNBC, and tumor growth in vivo

FBXW7-185aa/USP28/c-Myc;

circFBXW7/miR-197-3p/FBXW7 and FBXW7-185aa/USP28/FBXW7/c-Myc

[29, 30]

circITGA7

ITGA7

Down

Colorectal cancer

Inhibit cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor growth in vivo

circITGA7/miR-370-3p/NF1/Ras pathway/RREB1/ITGA7

[18]

circZKSCAN1

ZKSCAN1

Down

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth in vivo

Not mentioned

[19]

ciRS-7/CDR1-AS

CDR1

Down

Glioblastoma multiforme

Inhibit cell proliferation

MiR-671-5p/CDR1-AS/CDR1/VSNL1

[65]

circ0006916

HOMER1

Down

Lung cancer

Inhibit cell proliferation

TNRC6A/circ0006916/miR-522-3p/PH domain and PHLPP1

[66]

circHIPK3

HIPK3

Down

Bladder cancer

Inhibit migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of bladder cancer cells in vitro and suppress bladder cancer growth and metastasis in vivo

circHIPK3/miR-558/heparinase (HPSE)

[67]

circ-SHPRH (hsa_circ_0001649)

SHPRH

Down

Glioblastoma; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

Inhibit cell proliferation of glioblastoma and tumor growth in vivo; Inhibit proliferation and migration of HCC in vitro and in vivo

circ-SHPRH/SHPRH-146aa/SHPRH/PCNA; circ-0001649/miR-127-5p, miR-612 and miR-4688/SHPRH

[68, 69]

circ-AKT3

AKT3

Down

Glioblastoma

Inhibit cell proliferation, radiation resistance and in vivo tumorigenicity of glioblastoma cells

circ-AKT3/AKT3-174aa/AKT-thr308 phosphorylation/sequential activation by p-PDK1

[70]

circ-EPB41L5

EPB41L5

Down

Glioblastoma

Inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and the growth of brain xenograft tumors of glioma cells

circ-EPB41L5/miR-19a/EPB41L5/ RhoC/p-AKT

[71]

hsa_circ_0099329

PPFIA2

Down

Glioblastoma

Not mentioned

Not Mentioned

[72]

circKCNN2

KCNN2

Down

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Inhibit HCC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and tumor formation in a mouse model

circKCNN2/miR-520c-3p/ methyl-DNA-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2)/FGFR4

[73]

circKEAP1

KEAP1

Down

Lung adenocarcinoma

Inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth in vivo

circKEAP1/miR-141-3p/

KEAP1/NRF2

[74]

circ_0018414

DKK1

Down

Lung adenocarcinoma

Inhibit cell proliferation, stemness and tumor growth in vivo; promote cell apoptosis

circ_0018414/ miR-6807-3p/DKK1/ Wnt/β-catenin

[75]

circASS1

ASS1

Down

Breast cancer

Inhibit invasion and migration

circASS1/ miR-4443/ASS1

[76]

circ-PTEN (hsa_circ_0094342)

PTEN

Down

Non-small

cell lung cancer

Inhibit cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo

DHX9/circ-PTEN/miR-155 and miR-330-3p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway

[77]

hsa_circ_0036722

RHGG

Down

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Inhibit cell proliferation in vitro

hsa_circ_0036722/miR-1248/ RHCG

[78]

circ_LARP4

LARP4

Down

Ovarian cancer

Inhibit cell proliferation, invasion and migration

circ_LARP4/miR-513b-5p/LARP4

[79]