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Fig. 3 | Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

Fig. 3

From: Functional characterization of age-dependent p16 epimutation reveals biological drivers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer

Fig. 3

p16 epimutation promotes inflammatory immune responses in Apc mutant colon tumors. A Heatmap of DEGs identified by RNA-seq in the normal-appearing colonic mucosa of ApcMin/+ ; p16cis/cis mice compared with ApcMin/+ mice. We used DESeq2 for DEG analysis with a fold change of > 2 and multiple-testing adjusted P value < 0.05. B DAVID functional GO analysis of down- and up-regulated DEGs. Significantly enriched terms (FDR < 0.05) are shown. C Down-regulation of genes involved in fatty acid and lipid metabolism was confirmed by qRT-PCR. D Up-regulation of IFN-γ-stimulated genes in colonic mucosa from ApcMin/+ ; p16cis/cis compared to ApcMin/+ mice. E Up-regulation of Ifng and Pdl1 in mouse colon tumors with p16 epimutation. F Flow cytometric analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as monocytes (CD11b + Gr1-), increased in ApcMin/+ ; p16cis/cis colon tumors compared to those from ApcMin/+ mice. For figures (C–F), data are shown as mean ± SEM with individual values. P values were determined by a two-tailed Student’s t-test

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