Fig. 2

Histone modifications in HCC. A Schematic representation of DNA-histone protein complexes. Human chromosomal DNA is made by looped chromatin fibers, tightly coiled around nucleosomes. Each nucleosome is composed of DNA and eight histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 dimers). B Schematic representation of the nucleosome. The main PTMs (methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination and phosphorylation) and their localization on the tails of the 4 main histones are reported. Enzymes involved in the mentioned modifications are listed in gray boxes. KMTs: Lysine Methyltransferases; KDMs: Lysine Demethylases; HATs: Histone Acetyltransferases; HDACs: Histone Deacetylases; E3s: E3 Ubiquitin Ligases; DUBs: Deubiquitinating enzymes. Created with BioRender.com (https://biorender.com7), accessed 10 Feb. 2022