Fig. 2

Serine/glycine deprivation induces glucose uptake, glycolytic flux, and de novo serine biosynthesis. A Indicated cells were cultured with or without S/G(-) media for 24 h. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses were performed with the indicated primers. B Indicated cells were cultured with or without S/G(-) media for 48 h. Glucose consumption was measured. C Schematic of [U-¹³C₆]-glucose into glycolysis and serine synthesis pathway. Glucose (M + 6) is converted into 3-PG (M + 3), a three-carbon sugar, through several steps. Serine (M + 3) is synthesized from the glycolytic intermediate 3-PG, and then glycine (M + 2) is generated form the serine. D Isotopomer distributions of G6P, F6P, F1,6BP, 3-PG from [U-¹³C₆]-glucose in U87MG cells cultured with or without S/G(-) media, n = 3 biologically independent samples. E and F Indicated cells were cultured without S/G(-) media for the indicated periods of time. Quantitative real-time PCR (E) and Immunoblotting (F) analyses were performed with the indicated antibodies and primers, respectively. G Isotopomer distributions of 3-PS, serine, and glycine from [U-¹³C₆]-glucose in U87MG cells cultured with or without S/G(-) media, n = 3 biologically independent samples. The data represent the mean ± s.d. of three independent experiments (A, B, D, E, G). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001, based on the Student’s t-test