Fig. 1

Cytotoxicity, degranulation activity, and cytokine secretion of the expanded NK cells. (A) Killing rates of the NK cells against multiple BCa cell lines (including BIU-87, T24, UMUC-3, and 5637) and normal epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 at different E:T ratios after 0.5, 1, and 2 h coculture (n = 3); (B) Comparison of supernatant IFN-γ levels between NK cells cocultured with BCa cells (T24 or 5637) and their counterparts cocultured with normal epithelial cell line SV-HUC-1 at different E:T ratios after 0.5, 1, and 2 h coculture (n = 3); (C) Representative flow cytometry plots and summary data of CD107a expression on the NK cells after coculture with BCa cells, normal epithelial cells, and NK cells alone for 1 h (n = 3). E:T = 10:1; (D) Comparison of supernatant perforin and granzyme B levels between NK cells cocultured with BCa cells and their counterparts cocultured with normal epithelial cells at E:T of 10:1 after 1 h coculture (n = 3). NK cells alone were set as negative control. E Comparison of supernatant IFN-γ and TNF levels between NK cells cocultured with BCa cells and their counterparts cocultured with normal epithelial cells at E:T of 10:1 after 1 h coculture (n = 3). NK cells alone were set as negative control. Data expressed as means ± SD were plotted, and ANOVA followed by a Tukey’s post hoc test were used to compare three or more groups (A–E). *p < 0.05; ns, not significant. Abbreviations: BCa: bladder cancer; E:T: effector-to-target ratio; TNF: tumor necrosis factor