Fig. 1

Targeting TFs in CSC from multiple perspectives A Directly blocking the combination of TFs and DNA: mainly through epigenetic mechanisms. B Targeting TFs mRNA to regulate the level: miRNAs target the inactivation of TF mRNA, and TFs mediate miRNA transcription. LncRNA influences TF mRNA through miRNA and forms ceRNA with miRNA. CircRNA targets TF mRNA through miRNA. RBP binds TF mRNA to affect the stability and translation. The modification of TF mRNA may play a role. C Promoting TFs degradation by ubiquitination. D Modulating various signaling pathways to affect TFs transcription and activity by diverse agents: it is effective for the TFs to regulate transcription of CSC by acting on ligands, receptors, complexes, and other TFs of various signaling pathways. E Inhibiting cell markers that regulate TFs gene expression. F Inducing ambient pressure such as metabolism, hypoxia and immune response to cause TFs inactivation