Table 5 Univariate Cox proportional hazards analysis of overall survival

Sex

 Male (n = 72)

1.0

 Female (n = 20)

1.391

0.611 – 2.898

0.412

Age (years)

 ≤ 65 (n = 38)

1.0

 > 65 (n = 54)

1.141

0.573 – 2.351

0.711

Main histological type

 Squamous-cell carcinoma (n = 13)

1.0

 Adenocarcinoma (n = 79)

0.707

0.323 – 1.769

0.432

Lymphatic invasion

 L0 (n = 32)

1.0

 L1 (n = 60)

7.221

2.558 – 30.22

< 0.001**

Venous invasion

 V0 (n = 32)

1.0

 V1–2 (n = 60)

4.772

1.872 – 16.12

< 0.001**

Depth of tumor invasion

 pT1–2 (n = 44)

1.0

 pT3–4 (n = 48)

4.521

1.993 – 12.14

< 0.001**

Lymph node metastasis

 pN0 (n = 47)

1.0

 pN1–3 (n = 45)

4.597

2.096 – 11.54

< 0.001**

Distant metastasis

 M0 (n = 72)

1.0

 M1 (n = 20)

2.257

1.094 – 4.496

0.028*