Table 4 Indications and contraindications of TAE in patients with NENs
From: Hepatic arterial embolization in patients with neuroendocrine tumors
Indications | Contraindications |
|---|---|
- NEN tumor functioning or not | - Massive tumor burden |
- Highly vascularised liver metastases | - Severely compromised liver function |
- Liver metastases >3 in number and or >3 cm in size | - Poor performance status |
- Sepsis | |
- Patients with tumor mass-related symptoms and/or carcinoid syndrome | - Carcinoid heart disease and other risk factors for treatment related mortality |