Figure 3From: The activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase is required for dihydroartemisinin-induced autophagy in pancreatic cancer cellsThe effect of DHA on JNK phosphorylation and the up-regulation of Beclin 1 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. (A, B) BxPC-3 and PANC-1 cells were treated with various concentrations of DHA for 24 h or with 50 μmol/L DHA for different times. The expression levels of JNK, phospho-JNK, and Beclin 1 protein were analyzed by immunoblotting (A). After treatment with DHA for different times, cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting using antibodies against JNK, phospho-JNK, and Beclin 1 (B).Back to article page