Fig. 3

Aspirin augmented the efficacy of gemcitabine in vitro partially by inhibiting MDSC and M2, however Lipitor weakened the efficacy of aspirin and Lipitor by promoting M2. a The RAW264.7 macrophages and Panc02 cells were co-cultured, and gemcitabine was used for chemotherapy. The proportions of M2 (F4/80⁺ CD16/32⁺ CD206⁺) in CD45⁺ cells were detected by FCM. The results indicated that gemcitabine induced M2, aspirin inhibited M2, however Lipitor promoted gemcitabine-induced M2. b The representative plots of FCM. c The CFSE stained Panc02 cells were observed under fluorescent microscope (×100), the results indicated the Panc02 cells were sensitive to gemcitabine, aspirin augmented the efficacy of gemcitabine, however Lipitor weakened the efficacy of aspirin and gemcitabine. d The BMCs (bone marrow cells) and Panc02 cells were co-cultured, and gemcitabine was used for chemotherapy as well. The proportions of MDSC (CD11b⁺ Gr-1⁺) in CD45⁺ cells were detected by FCM. The results indicated that gemcitabine inhibited MDSC, aspirin inhibited MDSC as well, but Lipitor did not significantly affect MDSC. e The representative plots of FCM. f The CFSE stained Panc02 cells were observed under fluorescent microscope (×100), the results indicated aspirin augmented the efficacy of gemcitabine, however Lipitor did not significantly affect the efficacy of aspirin and gemcitabine. Each experiment was performed in triplicats and the representative one was shown. ANOVA analysis, SNK-q test, ^* P < 0.05, ^** P < 0.01