Fig. 6
NHPI inhibits tumor growth in human breast xenografts in association with suppression of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling. 6.8 × 106 BT-20 cells in Matrigel were subcutaneously implanted into nude mice. When tumor size reached around 100 mm3, tumor-bearing mice were randomized into two groups and treated daily by intraperitoneal injection with 40 mg/kg NHPI or vehicle control for 53 days. a NHPI significantly inhibited tumor growth in BT-20 xenografts. The individual tumor volume was measured at indicated time (days) and presented as mean ± SE (n = 9). **p < 0.01 and ***p <0.001, difference versus vehicle-treated control group. b The individual body weight was measured at indicated time (days) and presented as mean ± SE (n = 9). c Tumors were removed from mice and tumor weight was measured at the end of treatment. Representative tumor images were shown and tumor weight was presented as mean ± SE (n = 9). *p < 0.05, difference versus vehicle-treated control group. d NHPI inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling in BT-20 tumor tissues. The phosphorylation levels of mTOR at Ser2448, S6 at Ser235/236, 4E-BP1 at Ser65 and Akt at Ser473 in tumor tissues were determined by western blot analysis. β-actin was used as a loading control. e Relative densitometric quantification of protein expression detected in (d). Results were presented as mean ± SE (n = 5). *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, difference versus vehicle-treated control group