Fig. 5

In vivo effects of LPS pre-treatment. a: Log-rank analyses of Kaplan-Meier plots showed significantly prolonged survival for wild-type rats inoculated with LPS-pretreated RG2 GSCs. b: In wild-type rats with intact immune function, LPS pretreatment significantly inhibited intracranial tumor growth. Left, representative images of intracranial tumor, scale bar 2 mm; right, quantitative analyses. c: The survival benefit of LPS pretreatment depends on TLR4 expression in RG2 GSCs. d: Log-rank analyses of Kaplan-Meier plots showed a modest increase in survival for LPS-treated (day 0) rats compared with control rats, which was independent of TLR4 expression in RG2 GSCs. e: Log-rank analyses of Kaplan-Meier plots showed no significant increase in survival for LPS-treated (day 5) rats compared with control rats. f-g: For nude rats, the survival (f) and intracranial tumor growth (g) was not affected in the LPS-pretreated group. h-n: HE staining (h) and immunohistochemical staining shows that LPS pretreatment alters the immuno-phenotype of RG2 GSCs, increases MHC-I (i), MHC-II (j), TNF-α (k), and CXCL10 (l) expression, induces CD8⁺ lymphocyte infiltration (m), and causes tumor cell apoptosis (n, TUNEL staining) in vivo. Scale bars, 50 μm