Fig. 6

Ribonucleotide reductase subunit-M2 (RRM2) reduced gambogic acid (GA)-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. PANC-1 and BxPC-3 cells were transfected with the RRM2 overexpression plasmid over 48 h, and then treated with 2 μM GA for another 24 h. a, b Apoptotic cells were detected by flow cytometry. c Cell viability was detected using the 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan (MTT) assay. d The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved PARP, and RRM2 were detected using western blot analysis. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3); ** indicates P < 0.01; *** indicates P < 0.001