Fig. 4

YAP activates COX-2 signaling and mediates cell survival and colony forming abilities. a PGE₂ levels in IMCE cells transfected with or without YAP plasmid. **P < 0.01 compared with control cells. b MDR, Survivin, MCL1 protein levels determined by western blot in IMCE cells transfected with or without YAP plasmid. **p < 0.01,*p < 0.05 compared with control;^## p < 0.01,^# p < 0.05 compared with empty Vector. c Cell viability of IMCE cells transfected with or without YAP plasmid (left panel). Cell viability of HCT15 cells transfected with or without YAP shRNA (right panel). **P < 0.01 compared with control cells. d Representative images of spheres in IMCE cells with or without YAP induction (top left); Representative bar graph demonstrating the sphere numbers in IMCE cells with or without YAP induction (low left). Representative images of spheres in HCT15 cells with control and YAP knockdown (YAP shRNA) (top right); Representative bar graph demonstrating the sphere numbers in HCT15 cells with control and YAP knockdown (YAP shRNA) (low right). Scale bar: 5 mm. **p < 0.01 compared with control. All data are representative of at least three independent experiments. Error bars represent SD