Fig. 6

Dual inhibition of mTOR and SGK1 enhances autophagy and leads to synergistic antimetastatic effects on PCa cells. a-f PC3 cells were treated with DMSO or Rapamycin (100 nM) or infected with shSGK1 or a combination of both treatments for 24 h. Autophagy activity was determined with AO staining (a) and quantified (b). Cell migration assays and matrigel cell invasion assays were performed. Representative fields of migration and invasion cells on the membrane are shown (magnifications, × 200) (c). And number of migrating and invasive cells per field are quantified (d-e). f PC3 cells were treated as in (a) for 48 h. Total protein lysates of PC3 cells were assessed using western blotting against the indicated antigens. All results are representative of three experiments and expressed as the mean ± S.D.; *P < 0.05