Fig. 5

Cell signaling analysis for macrophages in response to exosome activation. a. THP-1-derived macrophages were lysed after treatment with exosomes for 24 h, and cell lysates were detected using the PathScan Immune Cell Signaling Antibody Array Kit by measuring densitometry values. Four independent experiments were performed, and representative images were shown. **p < 0.01, compared to control group. b. THP-1-derived macrophages were treated with OSCC exosomes for 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h, respectively. The transcription levels of TNFα, IL1β, and IL6 were detected. Data are representative of three independent experiments. c. THP-1-derived macrophages were lysed after treatment with exosomes for 2 h and 6 h. Cell lysates were assayed using the PathScan Intracellular Cell Signaling Antibody Array Kit by measuring densitometry values. Activation of p38 MAPK Thr180/Tyr182 (black boxed area), Akt Ser473 (blue boxed area), and SAPK/JNK Thr183/Tyr185 (red boxed area) was observed. d. THP-1-derived macrophages were treated with OSCC-derived exosomes for 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h. Cell lysates were harvested and analyzed by immunoblotting for the activation of Akt, SAPK/JNK, and p38 signals