Fig. 1

VERU-111 inhibits growth characteristics of PanCa cells. (A) Effect of VERU-111 on viability of Panc-1, AsPC-1, and HPAF-II cells. Structure of VERU-111 (2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl) (3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)) – methanone) is shown as insert. Cells were treated with indicated concentrations of VERU-111 for 24 (i) and 48 (ii) hrs and cell viability was determined by MTT assay. (B) Effect of VERU-111 on PanCa cells in a real time cell proliferation assay. Cells (5000 cells/well) were seeded in E-plate (xCELLigence) and placed into the xCELLigence Real Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA) DP. After 8–10 h, VERU-111 or the vehicle control was added and the experiment was allowed to run for 80 h. Line graphs show the average baseline cell index of control and VERU-111-treated cells. (C-E) Effect of VERU-111 on clonogenic potential of PanCa cells as determined by anchorage dependent colony formation assay. Representative images of colony formation assay and bar graphs indicating quantification of cells are shown at indicated concentrations of VERU-111. (Values means ± SEM; n = 3). Asterisk (*) denotes the significant value p < 0.05