Table 1 Overview of collagen type I, II, III, V, VI, XXIV and XXVII and their distribution in healthy tissue, cancer tissue, tumor promoting effects and liquid biomarker potential

• Tissue distribution

Main organic compound in bone.

Also present in soft tissue.

[75]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Major implications in bone cancer, and metastasis from bone to other solid tumors. Also described in breast, colorectal, ovarian, lung and pancreas cancer.

[21, 23, 24, 76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85]

• Tumor promoting effects

Associated with apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and proliferation.

[81,82,83,84,85]

• Liquid biomarker potential

Associated with bone metastasis in prostate and breast cancer patients. Increased in serum from colorectal, lung and pancreas cancer patients.

[21,22,23,24,25]

• Tissue distribution

Main collagen in cartilage.

[86]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Associated with chondrosarcoma

[88,89,90]

• Tumor promoting effects

Associated with cell death and survival

[88,89,90]

• Liquid biomarker potential

n/a

• Tissue distribution

Primarily found in the vascular system, intestine, liver, skin and lung.

[86]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Implications in breast, colorectal, HNSCC and pancreas cancer.

[21, 22, 34, 91,92,93,94]

• Tumor promoting effects

Associated with invasion, metastasis, migration and proliferation.

[73, 74, 82]

• Liquid biomarker potential

Augmented in serum from ovarian, breast, colorectal, melanoma and pancreas cancer patients. Able to predict pancreas cancer patients most likely to respond to treatment.

[21, 24, 94, 131]

• Tissue distribution

Primarily in same tissues as collagen type I and III.

[86, 95]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Associated with breast cancer.

[96]

• Tumor promoting effects

Associated with tumor growth.

[96]

• Liquid biomarker potential

n/a

• Tissue distribution

Present in many tissues such as adipose, cartilage, skin, cornea, tendon, lung, skeletal muscle and dermis.

[97]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Described in breast, colorectal, ovarian, gliomas, melanomas and pancreas cancer.

[98]

• Tumor promoting effects

Associated with apoptosis, drug resistance, inflammation, invasion, metastasis and proliferation.

[97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106]

• Liquid biomarker potential

Augmented in serum from melanoma and pancreas cancer patients.

[132, 133]

• Tissue distribution

Distributed in low levels in skeletal muscle, trabecular bone, tendons, testis, trachea, articular cartilage, lung, placenta and brain.

[107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Extremely augmented in colorectal and HNSCC cancer. Also associated with breast, gastric, lung, ovarian and pancreas cancer.

[107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114]

• Tumor promoting effects

Highly implicated in CAF biology. Also associated with invasion, metastasis and proliferation.

[107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119]

• Liquid biomarker potential

n/a

• Tissue distribution

Distributed in ovaries, testis, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle and bone.

[120,121,122]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

Associated with HNSCC.

[123]

• Tumor promoting effects

Associated with cell differentiation.

[123]

• Liquid biomarker potential

n/a

• Tissue distribution

Expressed in the developing eyes, ears, lungs, heart and arteries.

[124,125,126]

• Tissue distribution in associated cancers

n/a

• Tumor promoting effects

n/a

• Liquid biomarker potential

n/a