Fig. 3

PD-L1 upregulates the expression of HK2 via the PI3K/Akt and Erk signaling pathways. a H460 cells were transfected with scrambled control siRNA (sc), PD-L1-specific siRNA1, or 2. Forty-eight hours after transfection, cells were analyzed by Western blotting using antibodies against P-Akt, Akt, P-Erk, Erk, P-p38MAPK, p38MAPK and β-actin. b H460 cells were treated with LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor, 10 μM), U0126 (an Erk inhibitor, 10 μM), or SB203580 (a p38MAPK inhibitor, 10 μM) and analyzed by Western blotting for HK2 and β-actin. c H460 cells were treated with LY294002, U0126, or SB203580 and submitted to lactate production assays. Histograms represent the values normalized to control. Data represent the means ± SEMs of at least three independent experiments or are representative of three independent experiments. All p values were calculated using one-way ANOVA. **p < 0.001