Fig. 4

Downregulation of CREB5 inhibits the invasion and metastasis of CRC cells in vivo and in vitro. a and b Wound-healing assay and transwell migration assay were performed to evaluate the invasive and migratory abilities of CRC cells with different treatments in vitro. c HUVEC tube formation after stimulation with the indicated conditioned medium. d Representative images of the CAM assay. Histograms show the formation of secondary and tertiary blood vessels after stimulation with the indicated conditional medium. Scale bar: 2 mm. e Orthotopic transplantation with the indicated HCT116 cells in nude mice (n = 9 in each group) was performed, and representative gross images of the livers and intestines are shown. The arrows indicated the tumors. Liver sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Scale bar: 50 μm. f The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyse survival curves in the specified treatment groups, and the log-rank test was used to compare differences. ** p < 0.01