A nicotine-induced positive feedback loop between HIF1A and YAP1 contributes to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Table 1 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of overall survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Parameters	Univariate analysis, HR (95% CI)*	P	Multivariate analysis, HR (95% CI)	P value
T stage
T3-T4 vs. T1-T2	1.52 (1.03–2.25)	0.035	1.43 (1.01–2.02)	0.043
N stage
N1 vs. N0	1.53 (1.09–2.15)	0.013	1.32 (1.05–1.66)	0.019
Tumor grade
G3 vs. G1 + G2	1.19 (0.68–2.09)	0.544
Tumor size, cm
≥ 4 vs.<4	1.29 (0.93–1.80)	0.133	1.28 (0.92–1.80)	0.145
Vascular invasion
Yes vs. No	0.98 (0.68–1.38)	0.852
Adjuvant therapy
Yes vs. No	0.63 (0.44–0.90)	0.012	0.75 (0.58–0.98)	0.032
Neural invasion
Yes vs. No	1.21 (1.01–1.45)	0.041	1.26 (1.01–1.57)	0.038
YAP1 staining
High vs. Low,	1.67 (1.18–2.36)	0.004	1.51 (1.04–2.20)	0.033

NOTE: HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
Tumor classification and stage were referred to the 7th edition of UICC on cancer staging system. Bold indicates significance

ISSN: 1756-9966