Table 1 m6A modification regulators and their major biological functions
From: m6A modification in RNA: biogenesis, functions and roles in gliomas
Category | m6A regulator | Main functions | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Writers | METTL3 | miRNA regulates mRNA methylation through sequence complementation and cell reprogramming | [47] |
METTL3 | Mediates m6A modification involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis in mouse | [59] | |
METTL3 | Mediates m6A modification involved in the regulation of mouse cerebellar development | [63] | |
METTL14, WTAP, VIRMA, RBM15, ZC3H13, METTL16 | m6A methyltransferase complex component identification | [9] | |
WTAP, METTL3, METTL14 | WTAP, as a regulatory subunit, regulates the localization and substrate binding capacity of the catalytic subunits of the METTL3/METTL14 complex | [26] | |
Erasers | FTO | As the first discovered demethylase, FTO can catalyse the demethylation of m6Am and m1A | [75] |
FTO | Mediates m6A modification that can serve as a novel cis element to regulate mRNA splicing and adipocyte precursor cell differentiation | [48] | |
ALKBH5 | The second discovered demethylase; participates in the regulation of mRNA nuclear export and mouse sperm development | [33] | |
Readers | YTHDC1 | YTHDC1 directly interacts with SRSF3 and SRSF10 to regulate alternative mRNA splicing | [35] |
YTHDC1 | YTHDC1 interacts with SRSF3 and RNA nuclear export factor 1 (NXF1) to regulate mRNA nuclear export | [37] | |
YTHDF1 | YTHDF1 directly interacts with the translation initiation complex to promote the translation efficiency of m6A-modified RNA substrate | [34] | |
YTHDF2 | Mediates m6A modification involved in the regulation of mRNA decay | [44] | |
YTHDF2, METTL3 | Mediates m6A modification involved in the regulation of the differentiation of haematopoietic stem cells | [57] | |
YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 | YTHDF1 synergizes with YTHDF3 to regulate mRNA translation | [76] | |
YTHDF2 and YTHDF3 | YTHDF2 synergizes with YTHDF3 to mediate mRNA decay | [36] | |
YTHDC2 | YTHDC2 regulates mRNA translation or decay and mouse spermatogenesis | [38] | |
IGF2BP1/2/3 | Participates in m6A modification-mediated mRNA stability and translation | [42] |