Fig. 3

Blockade of csGRP78 impairs radioresistance in MES-subtype GSCs. a Work flow depicts the combination of anti-GRP78 and radiation for the consequent experiments. b Cell cycle analysis for G2/M phase cells of GSC20 and 267 after 3 Gy radiation only or combined with anti-GRP78 pretreatment. c and d Apoptosis of GSC20 and 267 after 3 Gy radiation only or combined with anti-GRP78 pretreatment was detected by flowcytometry and TUNEL staining, as the red dot presenting the radiation damage. Scale bar, 200 μm. e Bioluminescence imaging for mice implanted with luciferase-labeled GSC267 with treatments of isotype control, anti-GRP78, and/or radiation at the indicated time points. The radiation for animals was started at day 3 after GSCs implantation. f Survival data of mice in every group, and the statistical significance was tested by log-rank test. g Represented images of H&E staining for a subgroup of animal sacrificed simultaneously in each group. The magnification was marked in blue number. Error bar indicates at least three independent experiments and data are shown as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001