FUNCTION | EFFECT ON CANCER CELLS | SIGNALLING PATHWAYS INVOLVED | REFERENCES |
---|---|---|---|
TUMOR FORMATION | PROLIFERATION |
EGFR ERK1/2 MAPK PI3K/AKT CYCLIN D1/CDK4 | [60,61,62, 64] |
TUMOR GROWTH | PROLIFERATION |
EGFR ERK1/2 MAPK PI3K/AKT CYCLIN D1/CDK4 | [61, 62, 65] |
TUMOR METASTASIS | MIGRATION AND INVASION |
PI3K/AKT GSK3-Β/Β-CATENIN | [60, 63] |
TUMOR SUBSISTENCE | MAINTENANCE OF STEM PROPERTIES |
WNT/Β-CATENIN/HIPPO NF-ΚB/ALDH1A1 | [63, 69,70,71,72] |