Fig. 5

miR-378a-3p inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by downregulating TRAF1 expression. A Signaling pathway enrichment analysis of TRAF1 was performed using the online database STRING. B, C The relative luciferase activity of HCCLM3 and SMMC-7721 cells transfected with p65 and miR-378a-3p mimic or inhibitor was detected. D, E Immunofluorescence analysis was performed to detect NF-κB signaling activation in HCCLM3 and SMMC-7721 cells. F, G The protein expression of NF-κB target genes transfected with mimic, mimic-NC, inhibitor, or inhibitor-NC RNA was detected by western blotting. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001