Table 2 Exosomes derived potential biomarker for kidney cancer
Type | Source | Cohorts | Method | Cargoes | Year | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Protein | Urine | 29 RCC, 23 health | LC-MS/MS, western blotting | MMP9, CP, PODXL, CAIX and DKK4; CD10, EMMPRIN, DPEP1, Syntenin 1 and AQP1 | 2013 | Raimondo et al. [73] |
Serum | 76 metastatic RCC, 133 located RCC | Flow cytometry | CD103 | 2019 | Wang et al. [68] | |
Supernatants | A498 cell | ExoELISA-ULTRA CD63 kit | RAB27B | 2020 | Tsuruda et al. [102] | |
mRNA | Supernatants | Cancer stem cells | Microarray, qRT-PCR | VEGF, FGF2, ANGPT1, EFNA3, MMP2 and MMP9 | 2011 | Grange et al. [70] |
Urine | 46 RCC, 22 health | Microarray, qRT-PCR | GSTA1, CEBPA, PCBD1 | 2016 | Palma et al. [105] | |
miRNA | Supernatants | Cancer stem cells | Microarray, qRT-PCR | miR-200c, miR-650, miR-100, miR-296, miR-29a, miR-650, miR-151 | 2011 | Grange et al. [70] |
Urine | 81 RCC, 33 health | Microarray, qRT-PCR | miR0126-3p, miR-449a, miR-34b-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-30c-5p | 2016 | Butz et al. [118] | |
Plasma | 44 metastatic RCC, 65 metastatic RCC | RNA-sequencing, qRT-PCR | miR-let-7i-5p, miR-26a-1-3p, miR-615-3p | 2017 | Du et al. [113] | |
Serum | 82 RCC, 80 health | qRT-PCR | miR-210, miR-1233 | 2018 | Zhang et al. [110] | |
Supernatants | HK-2 cell, 786-O cell | qRT-PCR | miR-205 | 2018 | Crentsil et al. [115] | |
Serum | 40 RCC, 30 health, 5 lung metastasis RCC | Microarray, qRT-PCR | miR-210 | 2018 | Wang et al. [117] | |
Serum | 76 metastatic RCC, 133 located RCC | qRT-PCR | miR-19b-3p | 2019 | Wang et al. [68] | |
Urine | 70 early-stage RCC, 30 health | NGS, qRT-PCR | miR-30c-5p | 2019 | Song et al. [112] | |
Urine/ Supernatants | Mice urine; mouse and human tRCC cell lines | qRT-PCR | miR-204-5p | 2019 | Kurahashi et al. [114] | |
Plasma | 5 RCC, 5 health; 22 RCC, 16 health | RNA-sequencing; qRT-PCR | miR-92a-1-5p, miR-149-3p, miR-424-3p | 2020 | Xiao et al. [111] | |
Supernatants | 786-O cell, 786-O-SR cell | qRT-PCR | miR-549a | 2021 | Xuan et al. [83] | |
Plasma | ACHN cell | Microarray, qRT-PCR | miR-15a | 2021 | Li et al. [116] | |
lncRNA | Plasma | 71 advanced RCC, 32 health | qRT-PCR | lncARSR | 2016 | Qu et al. [125] |
circRNA | Plasma | 28 RCC | circRNA microarray | circ_400068 | 2020 | Xiao et al. [131] |