Fig. 2

M2 macrophages induce aPKCι-mediated CCA cell chemoresistance to GEM. A. Overall survival rates of CCA patients with the different expression levels of aPKC_ɩ and CD206 treated with GEM-based chemotherapy or not after surgery were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis. B. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect the sensitivity of CCA cells to GEM under different conditions: normal media, MΦ-CM and M2-CM. Relative number of CCΑ cells treated with 10 μΜ GEM in different conditioned media as indicated for 48 h. C. CCA cells were incubated in different conditions as indicated in the presence or absence of 10 μM GEM for 48 h, and the percentage of apoptotic cells was analyzed by FACS. D. WB of p-aPKC_ɩ and cleaved caspase-3 (WB of CCA cells transfected with scrambled control or si-aPKC_ɩ#1 and treated with or without GEM in normal media or M2-CM for 48 h). E. IC50 of gemcitabine in the indicated cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. F. Annexin V-FITC and PI staining of the indicated cells treated with gemcitabine (10 μM) for 48 h. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent experiments