Fig. 5

Combination therapy with TiOxNPs and IR suppressed the aggressiveness of xenografts in dissociated MIA PaCa sphere cell-bearing mice. A HE staining and IHC analysis of p-H2AX, c-caspase-3, ki67, PCNA, snail/Slug, and vimentin in the indicated groups. Scale bar = 50 μm. n=5. B Western blot for expression of p-H2AX, c-caspase-3, p-survivin, snail/Slug, and vimentin in xenografts of dissociated MIA PaCa sphere-bearing cells treated with TiOxNPs and/or irradiation. C In vivo apoptosis marker TUNEL assay in xenografts of dissociated MIA PaCa sphere-bearing cells treated with TiOxNPs and/or irradiation. n=5. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation. ns, not significant. ****p < 0.0001. Scale bar = 200 μm