Table 1 The clinical importance of STC2 in human cancers
From: Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2): a universal tumour biomarker and a potential therapeutical target
Tumours | Patient Numbers | Detection Methods | Clinical Importance |
|---|---|---|---|
Breast cancer | 110 | qRT-PCR | Elevated STC2 mRNA levels are correlated with higher DFS rates [50] |
| Â | 245 | FISH | STC2 expression is associated with improved DFS rates [51] |
| Â | 110 | IHC | No relationship with progression free survival is demonstrated [52] |
|  | 985 + 979 | Microarray | STC2 levels are correlated with good prognosis [53] |
| Â | 699 | IHC | No correlation is revealed between STC2 levels and tumour recurrence [54] |
| Â | 477 | IHC | STC2 is associated with favorable outcome in male breast cancer patients [55] |
Colorectal cancer | 139 | qRT-PCR | High STC2 levels are correlated with poor prognosis [33] |
| Â | 47 | qRT-PCR | STC2 expression is associated with tumour size [56] |
|  | 77 | IHC | STC2 levels are correlated with tumour stage and patients’ survival [57] |
| Â | 383 | Microarray | STC2 expression is associated with tumour stages [58] |
| Â | 115 | IHC | STC2 levels are correlated with tumour metastasis and disease stages [59] |
| Â | 379 | RNA-Seq | Elevated STC2 expression is associated with poor prognosis [60] |
| Â | 202 | qRT-PCR | High STC2 mRNA expression is correlated with poor postoperative survival [61] |
Gastric cancer | 108 | qRT-PCR | STC2 mRNA levels are higher in cancer than those in normal gastric mucosa, and associated with tumour progression and poor prognosis [62] |
| Â | 93 | qRT-PCR | Blood STC2 levels are correlated with tumour progression and poor prognosis [63] |
ESCC | 70 | qRT-PCR | Elevated STC2 mRNA levels are associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis [35] |
Prostate cancer | 53 | IHC | STC2 IHC staining score is correlated with high Gleason scores [36] |
RCC | 108 | IHC | For all RCC, clear cell RCC, papillary RCC, patients with high cytosolic STC2 staining have a poor prognosis than those with low expression [37] |
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | 94 | IHC | Overall survival rate of patients with high STC2 levels is significantly lower than those with low STC2 expression [38] |
| Â | 62 | IHC | STC2 is a valuable prognostic marker for poor outcome [64] |
| Â | 81 | IHC | STC2 positive patients show poor outcome [65] |
|  | 111 | RNA-Seq | STC2 is regarded as a biomarker for evaluating patients’ prognosis [66] |
| Â | 68 | IHC | STC2 expression is associated with poor progression [67] |
| Â | 111 | RNA-Seq | STC2 can be applied to predict the overall survival rates of patients [68] |
HNSCC | 298 | IHC | Elevated STC2 expression is correlated with poor outcome [39] |
| Â | 119 | IHC | High STC2Â expression is significantly associated with poor survival [69] |
| Â | 498 | RNA-Seq | High STC2 levels are correlated with poor prognosis [70] |
HCC | 240 | IHC | STC2 expression is associated with poor survival [40] |
| Â | 200 | IHC | High STC2 is correlated with poor prognosis [71] |
| Â | 258 | IHC | High STC2 expression can be utilized to predict overall survival [72] |
| Â | 364 | RNA-Seq | STC2 expression is associated with poor prognosis of HCC [73] |
Osteosarcoma | 88 | RNA-Seq | STC2 has an important influence on the survival of patients [41] |
|  | 88 | RNA-Seq | STC2 is correlated with the patients’ prognosis and metastasis [74] |
| Â | 87 | RNA-Seq | Elevated STC2 levels are associated with poor prognosis [75] |
Ovarian cancer | 46 | qRT-PCR | Overexpression of STC2 by vascular cells in ovarian cancer is correlated with decreased disease-free interval [42] |
| Â | 278 | IHC | STC2 is associated with tumour grade, tumour histotype and poor overall survival [76] |
Lung cancer | 115 | IHC | STC2 mediates the resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors [43] |
Pancreatic Cancer | 98 | qRT-PCR | STC2 expression is correlated with clinicopathological factors and patients’ prognosis [44] |
Endometrial cancer | 49 | IHC | High STC2 expression is associated with poor relapse-free survival [45] |
Cervical cancer | 92 | IHC | STC2 expression is correlated with shorter survival [46] |
Neuroblastoma | 50 | qRT-PCR | STC2 mRNA levels are associated with higher clinical stages [47] |
Gallbladder cancer | 46 + 80 | IHC | STC2 expression is correlated with clinical, pathological, and biological behaviors as well as poor prognosis of gallbladder cancer [48] |
Cholangiocarcinoma | 100 | IHC | Positive expression of STC2 is associated with progression and poor clinical outcomes [49] |