Fig. 5

Synergetic evaluation of DDX39B inhibitor CCT018159 and gemcitabine in human PDAC organoids system. A Apoptosis of PANC-1 cells with or without DDX39B knocking down under indicated treatments. B Brightfield morphology and immunostaining of CK19 and MUC5AC in PDAC organoids. C, D Representative images (C) and quantification (D) of apoptosis using green-fluorescent caspase 3/7 probe labeling in PDAC organoids 1# under indicated treatments. 25 nM Gemcitabine and 10 μM CCT018159 were used single or combined. E, F Representative images (E) and quantification (F) of apoptosis using green-fluorescent caspase 3/7 probe labeling in PDAC organoids 2# under indicated treatments. 25 nM Gemcitabine and 10 μM CCT018159 were used single or combined. The green fluorescence was observed with fluorescence microscope, the density of fluorescence was quantified with Image J software. G-I Representative images (G) and quantification (H, I) of apoptotic comparison using FITC Annexin V marked flow cytometry analysis of PDAC organoids 1# and 2# under indicated treatments. J Graphical model of this study. Scale bar = 200 μm in top panel and 100 μm in bottom panel in (B), 200 μm in left two panel and 100 μm in right panel in (C) and (E). n = 3 independent experiments unless otherwise stated. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values were calculated using a two-tailed student’s t test