Fig. 5

Cancer-derived TGF-β1 is an effector target of Pro. A Pathways enriched in C4-2B-involved bone stromal cells. B Heat map of differential genes in TGF-β pathway. C Western blot of TGF-β2 in MC3T3-E1 cells co-cultured with C4-2B at indicated time points. D Concentration of TGF-β2 in medium from MC3T3-E1 at indicated condition at 24 h. E Fold change of mRNA level of indicated genes in directly cultured or co-cultured C4-2B cells (48 h). F Fold change of mRNA level of TGF-β1 in co-cultured C4-2B treated with Pro (400 nM, 48 h). G Western blot of TGF-β1 in co-cultured C4-2B cells treated with Pro (400 nM, 24 h). H Elisa assay of TGF-β1 in conditioned medium from directly cultured or co-cultured C4-2B with or without Pro (400 nM, 24 h). I IHC staining of TGF-β1 in C4-2B-invovled tibias in PBS or Pro treated group. J Alizarin Red S staining in MC3TC3-E1 under indicated conditions at 21 days. K Fold change of luciferin luminescence intensity (RLI) in MC3T3-ORE cells treated with Pro (400 nM) and supplemented with TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) at 24 h. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, ns, no significance