Fig. 5

CircRNAs regulate their host genes expression by encoding polypeptides. A Small peptides encoded by circRNAs regulate the expression of host genes at the post-transcriptional level, thus participating in the malignant phenotype of tumors. B Small peptides encoded by circRNAs regulate endocytosis and degradation, cholesterol modification, ubiquitination and deubiquitination of host proteins at the post-translational level to regulate the stability of host proteins