Table 2 Distinct characteristics of CSC-derived exosomes vs non-CSC-derived exosomes
From: Harnessing cancer stem cell-derived exosomes to improve cancer therapy
Exosomes derived from CSCs | Exosomes derived from non-CSCs |
|---|---|
Specific stem cell markers (e.g., CD133, CD44 and CD200) and stem cell-related cargoes | None |
Involvement in the initiation of tumorigenesis by altering the tumor microenvironment | None |
Involvement in tumor angiogenesis formation [25] | Low |
Involvement in the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment [26] | Low |
Involvement in multiple signaling pathways to regulate treatment resistance | Low |
Critical for establishing premetastatic niche and colonizing metastatic site [27] | Low |