Biological roles of A-to-I editing: implications in innate immunity, cell death, and cancer immunotherapy

Table 1 A-to-I editing in different tumours

Cancer	Gene	Protein	Substrate type	Editing residue (s)	References
Hepatocellular carcinoma	AZIN1	Antizyme inhibitor 1	Coding gene	S/G	[62]
	BLCAP	Bladder cancer-associated protein	Coding gene	Y/C	[68]
	ITGA2	Integrin alpha 2	Coding gene		[70]
	circARSP91		circRNA	circRNA	[71, 72]
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	AZIN1	Antizyme inhibitor 1	Coding gene	S/G	[73]
Colorectal carcinoma	AZIN1	Antizyme inhibitor 1	Coding gene	S/G	[74, 75]
Gastric cancer	hsa_circ_0004872		circRNA	circRNA	[76]
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	circNEIL3		circRNA	circRNA	[77]
Non-small-cell lung cancer	AZIN1	Antizyme inhibitor 1	Coding gene	S/G	[65]
Lung adenocarcinoma	FAK	Focal adhesion kinase	Intron		[34]
Multiple myeloma	GLI1	Glioma-associated oncogene 1	Coding gene	R/G	[78]
Multiple myeloma	NEIL1	Endonuclease 8-like 1	Coding gene	K/R	[79]
Melanoma	CCNI	Cyclin I	Coding gene	R/G	[24]
	miR-455-5p		miRNA	miRNA	[69]
	miR-378a-3p		miRNA	miRNA	[80]
	miR-222		miRNA	miRNA	[81]
	miRNA-149-3p		miRNA	miRNA	[82]
Breast invasive carcinoma	GABRA3	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Coding gene	I/M	[67]
	ARHGAP26	RhoA GTPase activating protein 26	3′ UTR	3′ UTR	[83]
	DHFR	Dihydrofolate reductase	3′ UTR	3′ UTR	[84]
	DFFA	DNA fragmentation factor alpha	3′ UTR	3′ UTR	[27]
	LINC00944		LncRNA	lncRNA	[85]
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma	BLCAP	Bladder cancer-associated protein	Coding gene	Y/C; Q/R; K/R	[86]
Thyroid cancer	CDK13		Coding gene	Q/R	[87, 88]
Thyroid cancer	miR-200b		miRNA	miRNA	[89]
Prostate adenocarcinoma	PCA3	Prostate cancer antigen 3	LncRNA	Duplex with PRUNE2	[90]
Chronic myelogenous leukemia	pri-let-7d				[91]

ISSN: 1756-9966