Table 1 Examples of metastasis-associated lncRNAs

PTAR

Increases EMT and metastasis

Represses miR-101-3p resulting in ZEB1 upregulation

OC

[52]

H19

Induces metastasis

TGF-β-induced expression resulting in upregulation of SLUG

Different types

[53]

MEG8

Induces EMT

Interacts with EZH2 and represses miRNA-34a and miRNA-203 genes, leading to SNAIL1/2 upregulation

LC & PCa

[54]

HOXD-AS1

Induces migration and invasion

Suppresses miR-130a-3p resulting in SOX4 upregulation and concomitant EZH2 and MMP2 expression

HCC

[55]

ATB

Increases metastasis

Suppresses miR-200 family resulting in increased ZEB1 and TWIST1 expression

BC

[56]

N-BLR

Induces migration and invasion

Targets miR-200c-3p resulting in upregulation of N-cadherin, SNAIL and ZEB1

GC

[57]

Induces migration and invasion

Targets miR-200c-3p and miR-141-3p

CRC

[58]

MALAT1

Induces proliferation and metastasis

Suppresses miR-200a resulting in increased ZEB1 expression

LC

[59]

CRYBG3

Inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion

Interacts with G-actin preventing its polymerization to F-actin

LC

[60]

LINC00857

Induces proliferation and metastasis

Suppresses miR-103b resulting in upregulation of RhoA

PCa

[61]

LCAT1

Induces metastasis

Suppresses miR-4715-5p resulting in upregulation of Rac1

LC

[62]

DANCR

Induces metastasis

Suppresses miR-27a-3p resulting in upregulation of LIMK1

HCC

[63]

H19

Induces proliferation, migration and invasion

Suppresses miR-15b resulting in upregulation of Cdc42

HCC

[64]

LINC00452

Induces migration and invasion

Suppresses miR-501-3p resulting in upregulation of ROCK1

OC

[65]

ZFAS1

Induces metastasis

Suppresses miR-3924 resulting in upregulation of ROCK2

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

[66]

H19

Inhibits migration

Suppresses TGFβI through its derived miR-675

Prostate cancer

[67]

HOTAIR

Induces metastasis

Col-1 induces HOTAIR expression

NSCLC

[68]

Gm26809

Induces proliferation and migration

Reprogramming of normal fibroblasts into CAFs

Melanoma

[69]

LINC00092

Induces metastasis

Interacts with PFKFB2 resulting in increased glycolysis and sustained CAFs features

OC

[70]

NAS1

Induces dormancy of DTCs

Interacts with NRF2 mRNA-5’UTR resulting in upregulation of NRF2 and ΔNp63 down regulation

BC

[71]