Fig. 7

Fructose promotes VEGF expression by affecting ROS and HIF1α in tumor cells. a and b, Intracellular mRNA levels of VEGF, bFGF, ANG and PDGF were detected by qRT-PCR in SW620 (a) and CT26.WT (b) cells cultured in media for 24 h. c, VEGF levels in the supernatants of the above SW620 media detected by ELISA. d and e, ROS levels in SW620 (d) and CT26.WT cells (e) cultured in media for 24 h. f, The expression level of HIF1α in SW620 cells cultured in media for 24 h. g and h, Effect of NAC (50 μM) on HIF1α (g) and VEGF (h) mRNA expression in SW620 cells cultured in media for 24 h. i, Effect of NAC (50 μM) on HIF1α and VEGF protein expression in SW620 cells cultured in the above two media for 24 h. j, Effect of YC-1 (50 μM) on HIF1α and VEGF expression in SW620 cells cultured in media for 24 h. Grayscale was normalized to the mean of the no inhibitor and glucose-free groups. k and l, SW620 cells were cultured in two media (Glc 10 mM; Glc 10 mM, Fru 10 mM) in the presence of NAC (k) or YC-1 (l) for 24 h, respectively, and then the medium was replaced with normal medium for 12 h. These media were collected as CM for tube formation assays. Scale bar: 50 μm. m, IHC staining was used to detect the expression of Glut5 and VEGF in tumor cells of human colorectal cancer tissues, and the relationship between the expression levels of Glut5 and VEGF was statistically analyzed (n = 463). Scale bar: 20 μm. n, Schematic diagram of the molecular mechanism proposed in this study. All data are expressed as the mean ± SD; ns, non-significant; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01