Fig. 2
From: Retinoic acid and proteotoxic stress induce AML cell death overcoming stromal cell protection
RBA combined treatment generates ER stress without consequent activation of the pro-survival UPR pathway. A TEM analysis of MOLM-13 cells, 24 h after treatment, shows swollen ER in the cells treated with R alone and with the combination RBA relative to C cells. Black arrows point to ER tubules. Dashed squares in the upper panels indicate the areas magnified in the lower panels. B Confocal microscopy images of MOLM-13 cells, 24 h after treatment, stained with anti-calnexin (CNX) and anti-BiP antibodies. C Expression levels of BiP, sXBP1, and CHOP genes, 48 h after treatment, measured by RT-qPCR (one-way ANOVA)