Fig. 9

SKA3 and HIF-1a were co-expressed in CCA tumours and were reliable combinational biomarkers of CCA prognosis. A-B (TCGA) database showed the HIF-1a expression in various of tumours. C GSE107943 database demonstrated that HIF-1a was upregulated in cholangiocarcinoma. D IHC of tissue microarrays showed expression of HIF-1a was upregulated in CCA tissues (scale bar: 50μm). E Upregulation of HIF-1a in CCA was correlated with poor OS and DFS after surgery. F IHC assay showed four groups including high HIF-1a and high SKA3 group, high HIF-1a and low SKA3 group, low HIF-1a and high SKA3 group, and high HIF-1a and high SKA3 group (scale bar: 50μm). G Correlation of protein expression between SKA3 and HIF-1a. H Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed OS and DFS in (SKA3⁻ + HIF-1a⁻) group, (SKA3⁻ + HIF-1a⁺) + (SKA3⁺  + HIF-1a⁻) group, and (SKA3⁺  + HIF-1a.⁺) group. I Schematic representation of a model for the major molecular mechanisms of “SKA3-PARP1-HIF-1a” axis-promoted fatty acid synthesis and proliferation in CCA. *P < 0.05