Amino acid metabolism reprogramming: shedding new light on T cell anti-tumor immunity

Table 1 Amino acids and metabolites involved in epigenetics and PTMs related to T cell immunity

Amino acid	Metabolic intermediates	Epigenetic modifications	Ref
Methionine	SAM	Methylation	[37]
Proline	/	Methylation	[67]
Glutamine	α-KG	Demethylation	[68]
Glutamine	Acetyl-CoA	Acetylation	[37]
BCAAs	Acetyl-CoA	Acetylation	[37]
		PTMs
Lysine	Hypusine	Hypusination	[69]
Arginine	ONOO-	Nitrosylation of thiol	[70]
Arginine	ONOO-	Nitration of tyrosine	[70]
Glutamine	UDP-GlcNAc	O-GlcNAcylation	[38]
Glutamine	Glucosamine 6-phosphate	Glycosylation	[71]

Abbreviations: PTMs post-translational modifications, SAM S-adenosyl methionine, α-KG α-ketoglutarate, BCAAs branched-chain amino acids, ONOO- peroxynitrite, UDP-GlcNAc uridine diphosphate n-acetyl glucosamine

ISSN: 1756-9966