Table 1 Gastric microbial composition in health
Age | Main stomach taxonomic structure in health/control sample | Gastric sample type | Subjects | Country | Method | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infant (1Â hour after birth) | Lactobacillus (vaginally delivery), Ureaplasma (premature birth) | Gastric fluid | 29 | America | 16S rRNA sequencing | [31] |
27 + / − 0.5 weeks (gestational age) preterm neonates | Phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Tenericute, Actinobacteria in week 1 Firmicutes, Proteobacteria in week 4 Genera: Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Ureaplasma, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Klesbsiella | Gastric aspirates | 12 | America | 16S rRNA sequencing | [32] |
Preterm neonates | Gram-positive: Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus, Gram-negative: Serratia, Klebsiella and Escherichia | Gastric fluid | 13 | Spain | 16S rRNA sequencing | [33] |
27.7 + / − 2.8 weeks Preterm neonates | Bacteroides spp., Lactobacillus spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bifidobacterium spp.(breast-fed neonate) | Gastric aspirates | 22 | America | 16S rRNA-based Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis | [34] |
Adult | Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria | Gastric mucosa | HC:23 | America | 16S rRNA sequencing | [30] |
Adult | Phyla: Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria Genera: Streptococcus, Prevotella, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Porphyromonas | Gastric mucosa | HC:5 non-NSAID gastritis:5 | Hong Kong (China) | 16S rRNA sequencing | [35] |
Adult | Phyla: Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria Genera: Neisseria, Prevotella, f;[paraprevotellaceae]-g;[Prevotella], Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Veillonella, Capnocytophage, Leptotrichia | Gastric mucosa | HC:7 | Japan | 16S rRNA sequencing | [36] |
Adult | Phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria Genera: Streptococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Gemella, Neisseria, Haemophilus | Gastric mucosa | HC:171 Non-atrophic H. pylori gastritis:33 AG:12 antral chemical gastritis:61 | Sweden | 16S rRNA sequencing | [37] |
Adult | Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Stomatococcus | Gastric mucosa | HC:5 CG:8 | Sweden | Temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis | [24] |
Adult | Phyla:Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Actinobacteria Genera: Streptococcus, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, Fusobacterium, Gemella, Neisseria, Veillonell | Gastric mucosa | HC:21 | German | 16S rRNA sequencing | [38] |